mysql 8.0.27安装部署和配置(RPM方式)

安装准备工作

安装依赖包：
yum -y install numactl libaio-devel.x86_64

创建文件夹并进入：
mkdir /usr/local/mysql
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/src
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/tmp
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/log
cd /usr/local/mysql/src

下载地址：
wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-8.0/mysql-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

解压文件：
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

解压后文件

安装

依次按顺序安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.27-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

查看是否安装成功

【方式一：】
    mysql 安装成功后，会自动建立 mysql 用户、用户组。
    cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
    cat /etc/group | grep mysql
    
【方式二：】
    mysqladmin --version

启动服务

启动：
systemctl start mysqld

报错：
Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

用提示的指令查看异常日志
systemctl status mysqld.service

根据错误提示区解决问题，然后再启动服务：
systemctl start mysqld

查看初始密码：
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

登录：
mysql -u root -p

修改默认密码（注意Root.是必须要要的）：
ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Root.123456';

开放远程登录权限：
use mysql;
select host,user from user;
update user set host='%' where user ='root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

登录加密规则解决办法：
ALTER USER 'root' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;#修改加密规则
ALTER USER 'root' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';#重新更新一下密码
FLUSH PRIVILEGES; #刷新权限

配置文件更改(非必须)

要修改mysql数据和日志存放位置等信息，配置文件是/etc/my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf

修改内容如下：
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
lower_case_table_names=1
#必填项
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/log/error.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid

[client]
port=3306
#这里客户端也指定和mysqld一样的路径，不然客户端登录会报错
socket=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

给文件授权：
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql